The fourth edition builds on established methods. This edition uses improved data and more robust methods to track NbS finance flows in 2023, NbS investment needs and opportunities to 2030 and 2050, and nature-negative finance.

For every dollar invested in protecting nature, US$30 are spent destroying it. In 2023, US$7.3 trillion flowed into nature-negative activities—from fossil fuel subsidies to investments in high-impact sectors like utilities and energy. Meanwhile, only US$220 billion supported NbS, with private finance contributing just US$23 billion.

To meet global biodiversity, climate and land restoration targets, NbS investment must increase 2.5 times to US$571 billion annually by 2030—equivalent to just 0.5 per cent of global GDP.

This report provides key data and information for both the financial sector and for all those working in the fields of nature conservation, regeneration and the restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems. A large review team, which included FaFin’s Managing Director Gesa Vögele, also contributed to this report.

Download the report.